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Anal Cancer with Mediastinal Lymph Node Metastasis
Mangalore Amith Shenoy1, Lydia Winnicka1, Leili Mirsadraei2
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA.
Gastrointestinal Tumors
|July 26, 2021
Summary
Recurrent anal cancer, a rare metastatic disease, was identified in the mediastinum, a novel spread site. This case highlights the importance of considering anal cancer recurrence even with a history of breast cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Medical Case Reports
- Cancer Metastasis
Background:
- Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is rare, and metastatic disease is even less common.
- The patient had a history of both anal canal squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer.
Observation:
- The patient was disease-free for one year after treatment for both cancers.
- FDG-avid mediastinal lymphadenopathy was detected, initially presumed to be breast cancer metastasis.
Findings:
- Biopsy confirmed the mediastinal lymphadenopathy was recurrent anal cancer, not breast cancer.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was identified in the recurrent anal cancer.
- This represents a previously unreported site of anal cancer spread.
Implications:
- This case expands the known metastatic patterns of anal squamous cell carcinoma.
- Highlights the need for thorough diagnostic evaluation in patients with a history of multiple cancers.
- Suggests HPV status may play a role in unusual metastatic presentations of anal cancer.
