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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Vortex Vein Imaging: What Can It Tell Us?

Aditya Verma1,2, Tommaso Bacci3,4, David Sarraf5

  • 1Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|August 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vortex veins, crucial for choroidal drainage, are examined for their role in eye diseases. Advanced imaging techniques like ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography help reveal their importance in retino-choroidal disorders.

Keywords:
choroidoptical coherence tomography angiographypachychoroid diseaseultra-widefield imagingvortex veins

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Vascular Diseases
  • Choroidal Anatomy

Background:

  • Vortex veins are the primary drainage channels for the choroid.
  • Abnormalities in vortex veins can be associated with various ocular pathologies.
  • Understanding vortex vein anatomy is crucial for diagnosing and managing retino-choroidal disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the patho-anatomy of vortex veins.
  • To describe disease pathways linked to vortex vein abnormalities.
  • To discuss advancements in imaging vortex veins and their clinical significance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on vortex vein anatomy and pathology.
  • Discussion of advanced imaging modalities, including ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography.
  • Analysis of the role of vortex veins in various retino-choroidal diseases.

Main Results:

  • Detailed summary of vortex vein patho-anatomy and associated disease mechanisms.
  • Highlighting the utility of ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography for visualizing vortex veins.
  • Elucidation of the importance of vortex veins in understanding retino-choroidal disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Vortex veins play a critical role in choroidal health and disease.
  • Advanced imaging techniques are essential for evaluating vortex vein abnormalities.
  • Further research using these technologies will enhance our understanding of vortex veins in ocular health and disease.