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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
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Decellularization of Bone Tissue.

Ha Le Bao Tran1, Vu Nguyen Doan2, Quan Minh To2

  • 1Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology - Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. tlbha@hcmus.edu.vn.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Decellularization technology removes cells from tissues, preserving the extracellular matrix (ECM) for regenerative medicine. This review evaluates methods to maintain ECM integrity for creating future tissue grafts.

Keywords:
BoneDecellularizationExtracellular matrixScaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Regenerative medicine aims to restore tissue function using advanced therapies.
  • Decellularization is key for preparing natural scaffolds for tissue regeneration.
  • Creating autologous grafts requires preserving the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review decellularization techniques for tissue engineering.
  • To evaluate methods that preserve ECM structure and function.
  • To assess biomaterials used in regenerative medicine scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Physical decellularization methods.
  • Chemical decellularization treatments.
  • Enzymatic decellularization processes.

Main Results:

  • Decellularization aims to remove cellular material while preserving ECM integrity.
  • Various methods (physical, chemical, enzymatic) exist for decellularization.
  • The choice of method impacts ECM structural and biological properties.

Conclusions:

  • Effective decellularization is crucial for successful regenerative medicine applications.
  • Preserving ECM integrity is paramount for scaffold functionality.
  • Further evaluation of decellularization methods and biomaterials is needed.