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Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
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[Understanding the evolution of polydnaviruses].

C Dupuy1, E Huguet1, L Cattolico2

  • 1Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte, UMR CNRS 6035, Université F. Rabelais, Parc Grandmont, 37200 Tours.

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|October 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polydnaviruses (PDVs) are unique viruses integrated into wasp genomes, aiding parasitism. Long-term mutualism reshaped PDV genomes, making them resemble eukaryotic DNA.

Keywords:
bracovirusichnovirusparasitoid waspvirus evolution

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Insect-virus interactions

Context:

  • Polydnaviruses (PDVs) are obligate symbionts of parasitoid wasps, essential for successful parasitism.
  • PDVs possess unique segmented DNA genomes within viral particles and an integrated proviral form in the wasp genome.
  • Two distinct genera, bracoviruses (BVs) and ichnoviruses (IVs), are associated with braconid and ichneumonid wasps, respectively.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the genomic data of Microplitis demolitor bracovirus (MdBV), Cotesia congregata bracovirus (CcBV), and Campoletis sonorensis ichnovirus (CsIV).
  • To investigate the evolutionary origins and diversification of polydnaviruses.
  • To understand the impact of long-term mutualistic associations on PDV genome evolution.

Summary:

  • Genomic analysis of MdBV, CcBV, and CsIV provides insights into polydnavirus evolution.
  • The study highlights the significant impact of millions of years of wasp-PDV mutualism on viral genome structure.
  • PDV genomes exhibit characteristics resembling eukaryotic DNA regions due to this prolonged association.

Impact:

  • Advances our understanding of viral evolution and host-symbiont co-evolution.
  • Provides a comparative genomic framework for studying PDV diversity and function.
  • Suggests that viral genomes can undergo extensive modification through long-term mutualism, blurring lines between viral and host genetic material.