Graphene-Based Photonic-like Highly Integrated Programmable Electronic Devices

Photonic-crystal-like devices and photonic-crystal-like microcavities in graphene are investigated theoretically. The results show that the size of the photonic-crystal-like device and the photonic-crystal-like microcavity is able to be scaled down to more than 2 orders of magnitude smaller than that of the realistic conventional photonic crystal with the same energy, due to the shorter optical-like transport wavelength in graphene. So, the graphene-based photonic-like devices offer a higher degree of integration than their conventional counterparts. By changing the applied voltage, the mutual conversion of photonic-like devices with different functions can be realized, while the performance of such photonic-like devices can be manipulated. Therefore, this kind of photonic-like device has high programmability and adjustability. And the photonic-like devices can be integrated with traditional microelectronic circuits. It will have important application prospects in photonic-like integrated circuits and photonic-like computing.