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Summary

Optical frequency combs offer precise laser wavelength calibration for industrial metrology. This study links a GPS-referenced frequency comb to a He-Ne laser, significantly improving nanopositioning machine stability and measurement accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Metrology
  • Optical Physics
  • Laser Technology

Background:

  • Optical frequency combs (OFCs) have become crucial tools in metrology since 2000.
  • GPS-referenced OFCs serve as self-calibrating length standards with high uncertainties (u < 1 × 10⁻¹¹).
  • Industrial applications increasingly utilize OFCs for precise measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the application of a GPS-referenced OFC for interferometric measurements.
  • To enhance the stability and accuracy of a nanopositioning machine (NPMM-200).
  • To establish a permanent link between interferometric length measurements and atomic clocks.

Main Methods:

  • Characterized the frequency stability of a GPS-referenced OFC by heterodyning with a diode laser.
  • Stabilized a tunable He-Ne laser source to a single comb line of the OFC.
  • Integrated the stabilized He-Ne laser into the NPMM-200 for interferometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an uncertainty of u = 9.2 × 10⁻¹² for the GPS-referenced OFC.
  • Increased the long-term frequency stability of the He-Ne laser by three orders of magnitude.
  • Reduced length measurement errors due to short-term fluctuations to ΔL/L = 2.9 × 10⁻¹¹.

Conclusions:

  • The frequency stability of the GPS-referenced OFC is effectively transferred to the He-Ne laser.
  • Frequency distortions have a negligible influence on interferometric length measurements within the NPMM-200.
  • This approach provides a permanent link to atomic clock standards for interferometric measurements.