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Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

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Does Using a Mindfulness App Reduce Anxiety and Worry? A Randomized-Controlled Trial.

Deah Abbott¹, Caleb W Lack², Page Anderson³

¹University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, Oklahoma, USA clack@uco.edu.

Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy

|February 14, 2023

Summary

Smartphone mindfulness apps like Headspace can effectively reduce anxiety and worry. However, the study found no significant difference in outcomes between 4 and 8 weeks of use, suggesting no clear dose-response relationship.

Keywords:

Bayes anxiety mHealth mindfulness technology worry

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Area of Science:

Digital mental health
Mindfulness-based interventions
Psychological well-being

Background:

Smartphone applications offer accessible alternatives to traditional in-person mental health support.
Limited controlled research exists on the efficacy of mindfulness training applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of the Headspace mindfulness app in reducing anxiety and worry.
To investigate potential dose-response relationships in app usage.

Main Methods:

Randomized-controlled trial with a 3 (Time) x 2 (Access) design.
Participants with moderate to high anxiety/worry were randomized to immediate or delayed app access.
Analyses of variance and Bayesian estimates were used to assess outcomes.

Main Results:

Four weeks of Headspace use significantly reduced anxiety symptoms.
Eight weeks of use also reduced anxiety, with no significant difference compared to 4 weeks.
While ANOVA showed no significant effect on worry, Bayesian analysis supported the app's efficacy for worry reduction.

Conclusions:

The Headspace app demonstrates effectiveness in reducing both anxiety and worry.
Evidence does not support a consistent dose-response relationship between usage duration and symptom reduction.