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Teenage Pregnancy and Associated Risk Factors and Outcome in Nepal From 2000-2020: A Systematic Review and
D B Shrestha1, P Budhathoki2, O Shrestha3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.
Kathmandu University Medical Journal (KUMJ)
|April 5, 2023
Summary
Teenage pregnancy in Nepal affects 13.2% of adolescents, with many lacking contraceptive knowledge and education. This study highlights significant maternal and neonatal complications associated with adolescent pregnancies.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Maternal and Child Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Teenage pregnancy poses significant risks to reproductive outcomes and financial stability.
- Adolescent pregnancies are associated with increased health complications for both mother and child.
- Understanding the prevalence and risk factors is crucial for targeted interventions in Nepal.
Approach:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies published between 2000 and 2020.
- Data from 4425 studies were screened, with relevant information extracted into a standardized Excel form.
- Statistical analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) to pool proportions and confidence intervals.
Key Points:
- The prevalence of teenage pregnancy in Nepal was found to be 13.2%.
- A significant proportion of teen mothers were illiterate (18.6%) or had limited education (25.9% above grade 10).
- Contraceptive use was low (3.2%), with 31.9% unaware of available methods.
- Complications included major tears (52.9%), preterm delivery (12.0%), low birth weight (19.4%), stillbirth (1.7%), and neonatal deaths (1.4%).
Conclusions:
- Teenage pregnancy in Nepal is prevalent at 13.2% and linked to low educational attainment and poor contraceptive uptake.
- Adolescent pregnancies are associated with a high incidence of maternal complications such as major tears and obstructed labor.
- Significant neonatal risks, including low birth weight, stillbirth, and neonatal mortality, underscore the vulnerability of this population.
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