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Multiscale Structural Engineering of Sulfur/Carbon Cathodes Enables High Performance All-Solid-State LiS Batteries
Guobao Xu1, Zhihao Yan1, Hengyu Yang2
1Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of Thin Film Materials and Devices, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|April 12, 2023
Summary
Researchers developed a novel sulfur/carbon cathode for all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs). This design enhances charge transport and mechanical flexibility, enabling exceptional cycling stability and high areal capacity for advanced energy storage.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Constructing cathodes for all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) with efficient charge transport and mechanical flexibility presents significant challenges for practical applications.
- Existing ASSLSB designs often struggle with cathode stability and ion conductivity, limiting their performance and lifespan.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer a multiscale structural design for sulfur/carbon composites to overcome limitations in ASSLSB cathode performance.
- To enhance electrochemical reactivity, charge transport, and chemomechanical stability in ASSLSB cathodes.
Main Methods:
- Ultrasmall sulfur nanocrystals were anchored onto graphene layers with strong S-C bonds (S@EG) within expanded graphite particles using a vapor deposition method.
- The S@EG material was combined with Li9.54Si1.74P1.44S11.7Cl0.3 (LSPSCL) solid electrolytes to create a unique cathode structure.
Main Results:
- The fabricated S@EG-LSPSCL cathode exhibited an interconnected "Bacon and cheese sandwich" structure, improving electrochemical and mechanical properties.
- Assembled ASSLSBs demonstrated ultralong cycling stability over 2400 cycles with 100% capacity retention at 1 C.
- A record-high areal capacity of 14.0 mAh cm⁻² was achieved at a high sulfur loading of 8.9 mg cm⁻² at room temperature.
- High capacities were maintained with ≈100% retention after 600 cycles at 0 °C and 60 °C.
Conclusions:
- Multiscale structural engineering of sulfur/carbon cathodes is a viable strategy for enhancing ASSLSB performance.
- The developed cathode material shows great potential for enabling high-performance ASSLSBs for demanding energy storage applications.
- The synergistic structural engineering approach offers a pathway to improved charge transport and mechanical robustness in solid-state batteries.
