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Motor Unit Stimulation

Motor Unit Stimulation

When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Engineering Platform and Experimental Protocol for Design and Evaluation of a Neurally-controlled Powered Transfemoral Prosthesis

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Injectable Ventral Spinal Stimulator Evokes Programmable and Biomimetic Hindlimb Motion.

Dingchang Lin^1,2,3,4,5, Jung Min Lee^5,6, Chonghe Wang⁵

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.

|June 20, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel, thin spinal cord stimulator implanted minimally invasively restored hindlimb movement in mice. This flexible device precisely targets motor neurons, offering improved function for spinal cord injury and neuromotor diseases.

Keywords:

bioelectronics epidural electrical stimulation spinal cord injury spinal interface ventrolateral implantation

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Published on: February 19, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neuroscience
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Spinal cord neuromodulation shows promise for restoring motor function after injury or disease.
Existing spinal stimulators face limitations, including suboptimal placement and invasive surgical requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel, flexible, and stretchable spinal stimulator for minimally invasive implantation.
To assess the efficacy of this device in restoring motor function in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

A nanoscale-thin, flexible spinal stimulator was designed and implanted via a catheter into the ventral spinal space of mice.
Stimulation threshold currents and motor pool recruitment were compared between ventrolateral and dorsal epidural implants.
Specific stimulation patterns were used to elicit hindlimb movements.

Main Results:

Ventrolaterally implanted devices demonstrated significantly lower stimulation thresholds and more precise motor pool recruitment compared to dorsal epidural implants.
The stimulator successfully induced functionally relevant and novel hindlimb movements.
The minimally invasive implantation technique proved effective.

Conclusions:

This flexible, injectable spinal stimulator offers a promising alternative to current neuromodulation technologies.
The ventrolateral approach enhances stimulation efficiency and motor control.
The technology holds significant translational potential for treating spinal cord injury and neuromotor disorders.