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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

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In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

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The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

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[Infectious diseases: what's new in 2023].

Stéphanie D'Incau1, Cathy Voide1, Delphine Berthod1

  • 1Service des maladies infectieuses, Institut central des hôpitaux, Hôpital du Valais, 1950 Sion.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|January 17, 2024
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Infectious disease research in 2023 showed corticosteroids reduce pneumonia mortality and RSV vaccines are now available. However, oseltamivir offers no significant flu hospitalization benefit, and antibiotic prophylaxis may be safely discontinued for dental procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • 2023 highlighted critical advancements and ongoing challenges in managing infectious diseases.
  • Key areas include severe community-acquired pneumonia, bacterial sexually transmitted infections, sepsis, influenza, and streptococcal infections.

Approach:

  • Review of recent studies and meta-analyses published in 2023.
  • Analysis of treatment efficacy, prophylaxis strategies, and vaccination impact.
  • Monitoring of disease trends and emerging threats, such as invasive Group A Streptococcus.

Key Points:

  • Corticosteroids demonstrated reduced mortality in severe community-acquired pneumonia.
  • Doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis lowered bacterial sexually transmitted infection risk, with a noted concern for resistance.
  • An herbal preparation showed decreased mortality in sepsis cases.
  • Oseltamivir's efficacy in reducing influenza hospitalization was found to be non-significant.
  • Discontinuation of antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures in Sweden did not increase endocarditis incidence.
  • Introduction of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) vaccination based on study findings.
  • Resurgence of invasive Group A Streptococcal infections noted, requiring clinical vigilance.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence supports specific interventions like corticosteroids for pneumonia and the introduction of RSV vaccines.
  • Treatment guidelines for influenza and antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry may require reassessment.
  • Continued surveillance and awareness of pathogens like Group A Streptococcus are essential for public health.