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Related Concept Videos

The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
Spinal Cord01:26

Spinal Cord

The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury
09:24

A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: January 5, 2015

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Spinal Cord Injury: Emerging Technologies.

Andrew M Hersh1, Carly Weber-Levine2, Kelly Jiang3

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/AndrewMHersh.

Neurosurgery Clinics of North America
|February 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current spinal cord injury treatments have limited success. New therapies like stem cells and brain-spine interfaces are being developed for both acute and chronic injuries to improve patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CSFInjurySCISpineStem cellTraumaUltrasound

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Standard spinal cord injury treatments like decompressive laminectomy and maintaining mean arterial pressure offer limited efficacy.
  • Significant unmet needs persist for patients with spinal cord injuries, driving the search for novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging treatment options for spinal cord injury.
  • To categorize these treatments based on their application to acute or chronic injury phases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research and clinical trials for spinal cord injury therapies.
  • Categorization of interventions including stem cell therapy, biomaterials, neuroprosthetics, and neuromodulation.

Main Results:

  • A diverse range of innovative treatments are under investigation for spinal cord injury.
  • Therapeutic approaches target different stages of injury, from the acute phase to chronic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging treatments show promise for improving spinal cord injury recovery.
  • Continued research and clinical trials are crucial for advancing spinal cord injury care.