Nanofibrous Material-Reinforced Printable Ink for Enhanced Cell Proliferation and Tissue Regeneration

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) printing is crucial for creating tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds.
• Biocompatible hydrogels for 3D printing require a balance of softness for cell survival and mechanical strength to prevent cell leakage.
• Nanocomposite-based printable inks are emerging as a solution to meet these requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the applications of nanofiber-reinforced printable ink in tissue engineering.
• To describe 3D printing parameters, classification, and cross-linkage effects.
• To discuss current challenges and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on nanofiber-reinforced printable inks for TE.
• Analysis of nanomaterials used as nanofillers (e.g., carbon nanomaterials, transition metal dichalcogenides, polymeric nanoparticles).
• Discussion of hydrogel matrix properties and their role in printable inks.

Main Results:

• Nanofiber-reinforced printable inks offer enhanced mechanical and electroconductive properties.
• Nanofillers dissipate stress within the hydrogel matrix via electroactive interactions.
• These inks are suitable for fabricating scaffolds with controlled architecture and cell viability.

Conclusions:

• Nanofiber-reinforced printable inks represent a promising advancement in tissue engineering.
• Optimizing 3D printing parameters and cross-linking strategies is key for successful scaffold fabrication.
• Further research is needed to overcome challenges and unlock the full potential of these materials in TE.