Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain01:29

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

215
Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...
215
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending01:18

Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending

166
When analyzing the deformation of a symmetric prismatic member subjected to bending by equal and opposite couples, it becomes clear that as the member bends, the originally straight lines on its wider faces curve into circular arcs, with a constant radius centered at a point known as Point C. This phenomenon helps to understand the stress and strain distribution within the member more clearly.
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
166
Bending of Curved Members - Strain Analysis01:14

Bending of Curved Members - Strain Analysis

136
The mechanics of deformation in curved members, such as beams or arches, under bending moments, involve complex responses. When such a member, symmetric about the y-axis and shaped like a segment of a circle centered at point C, is subjected to equal and opposite forces, its curvature and surface lengths change significantly. This alteration results in the shift of the curvature's center from C to C', indicating a tighter curve.
The important part of bending analysis for such a member...
136
Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section01:21

Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section

188
When a material is subjected to uniaxial stress, it elongates or contracts in the direction of the applied force, and also undergoes changes in the perpendicular directions. This behavior is crucial for understanding how materials behave under stress and is governed by mechanical properties such as Poisson's ratio v, which measures the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.
As the material stretches, it expands or contracts in orthogonal directions to the load. This phenomenon varies...
188
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

264
Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
264
Transformation of Plane Stress01:18

Transformation of Plane Stress

222
Studying stress transformation is essential in understanding how stress components within a material, like a cube under plane stress, change with rotation. This change is analyzed by considering a prismatic element within the cube. As the element rotates, the stress components acting on it—both normal and shearing stresses—change in magnitude and orientation. This change is quantified using trigonometric functions of the rotation angle, relating the forces acting on the rotated element's...
222

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

High-Porosity Sieve-Type Neural Electrodes for Motor Function Recovery and Nerve Signal Acquisition.

Micromachines·2024
Same author

FEM Analysis of Buckled Dielectric Thin-Film Packaging Based on 3D Direct Numerical Simulation.

Micromachines·2023
Same author

Direct Numerical Simulation of Surface Wrinkling for Extraction of Thin Metal Film Material Properties.

Micromachines·2023
Same author

Mechanical Characterization and Analysis of Different-Type Polyimide Feedthroughs Based on Tensile Test and FEM Simulation for an Implantable Package.

Micromachines·2022
Same author

Editorial for the Special Issue "MEMS Packaging Technologies and 3D Integration".

Micromachines·2022
Same author

Characterization and Analysis of Metal Adhesion to Parylene Polymer Substrate Using Scotch Tape Test for Peripheral Neural Probe.

Micromachines·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

A Novel Biaxial Testing Apparatus for the Determination of Forming Limit under Hot Stamping Conditions
07:40

A Novel Biaxial Testing Apparatus for the Determination of Forming Limit under Hot Stamping Conditions

Published on: April 4, 2017

7.6K

Analysis of Experimental Biaxial Surface Wrinkling Pattern Based on Direct 3D Numerical Simulation.

Seonho Seok1, HyungDal Park2, Jinseok Kim2

  • 1Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay, 91129 Palaiseau, France.

Micromachines
|April 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study simulates biaxial surface wrinkling in thin metal films on compliant substrates. The wrinkling pattern, such as cylindrical or undulated, depends on the biaxiality ratio (BR), enabling experimental estimation of applied strain.

Keywords:
3Dbiaxial wrinklingbucklingdirect simulationfemtransfer

More Related Videos

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes
06:56

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes

Published on: May 23, 2017

12.3K
Layer Microdissection of Tricuspid Valve Leaflets for Biaxial Mechanical Characterization and Microstructural Quantification
07:34

Layer Microdissection of Tricuspid Valve Leaflets for Biaxial Mechanical Characterization and Microstructural Quantification

Published on: February 10, 2022

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2025

A Novel Biaxial Testing Apparatus for the Determination of Forming Limit under Hot Stamping Conditions
07:40

A Novel Biaxial Testing Apparatus for the Determination of Forming Limit under Hot Stamping Conditions

Published on: April 4, 2017

7.6K
Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes
06:56

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes

Published on: May 23, 2017

12.3K
Layer Microdissection of Tricuspid Valve Leaflets for Biaxial Mechanical Characterization and Microstructural Quantification
07:34

Layer Microdissection of Tricuspid Valve Leaflets for Biaxial Mechanical Characterization and Microstructural Quantification

Published on: February 10, 2022

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Thin metal films on compliant substrates can exhibit surface wrinkling under strain.
  • Previous studies primarily focused on uniaxial or cylindrical wrinkling patterns.
  • Understanding biaxial wrinkling is crucial for advanced material applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a direct 3D numerical simulation of biaxial surface wrinkling in thin gold films on a compliant substrate (Scotch tape).
  • To investigate the influence of biaxial loading on wrinkling patterns.
  • To establish a correlation between simulation results and experimental observations for strain estimation.

Main Methods:

  • Direct 3D numerical simulation using finite element analysis.
  • Modeling material imperfections in the compliant substrate to initiate wrinkling.
  • Systematic variation of the biaxiality ratio (BR) to observe different wrinkling modes.

Main Results:

  • The wrinkling mode is determined by the biaxiality ratio (BR).
  • Cylindrical wrinkling dominates at BR < 0.5.
  • Undulated (herringbone) patterns emerge at BR > 0.9, with checkerboard and labyrinth modes also observed.
  • Simulation results closely matched experimental observations, allowing for applied BR estimation.

Conclusions:

  • Biaxial loading leads to diverse wrinkling patterns (cylindrical, undulated, checkerboard, labyrinth) controlled by the biaxiality ratio.
  • The developed numerical simulation accurately predicts wrinkling behavior.
  • This approach provides a reliable method for estimating the applied biaxial strain in thin films based on observed wrinkling patterns.