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Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
Published on: February 29, 2020
Cerebrospinal Fluid-Venous Fistulas
Nitesh P Patel1, Waleed Brinjikji2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Abstract:
Cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas (CSFVFs) were first described in 2014 and have since become an increasingly diagnosed cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension due to increased clinical recognition and advancements in diagnostic modalities. In this review, the authors discuss CSFVF epidemiology, the variety of clinical presentations, the authors' preferred diagnostic approach, recent advancements in diagnostic methods, treatment options, current challenges, and directions of future research.
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