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Relationship of Cognitive Function with Oxygenated Haemoglobin Concentration Difference Between the Left and Right

W Qin¹, S Kojima^2,3, S Morishita⁴

¹The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|October 14, 2024

Summary

Sustained exercise improves cognitive function by enhancing oxygenated haemoglobin (O₂Hb) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The difference in O₂Hb between left and right PFC correlated with faster reaction times post-exercise, suggesting neural compensation.

Keywords:

2-back task Frontal cerebral oxygenation asymmetry Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)Neural compensation

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Exercise Physiology
Cognitive Science

Background:

Oxygenated haemoglobin (O₂Hb) concentration in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is linked to improved cognitive performance during exercise.
Understanding the relationship between regional O₂Hb changes and cognitive function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between cognitive function and the O₂Hb concentration difference between the left and right PFC (L-PFC and R-PFC) during sustained exercise.
To explore the impact of exercise on reaction times (RTs) and its correlation with cerebral oxygenation.

Main Methods:

12 healthy adult males performed a 40-minute exercise at 50% maximal oxygen consumption.
A 2-back task assessed cognitive function, with reaction times recorded pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and 20 minutes post-exercise.
Near-infrared spectroscopy monitored O₂Hb levels in the L-PFC and R-PFC.

Main Results:

Reaction times (RTs) significantly improved immediately and 20 minutes after exercise.
A positive correlation was observed between the O₂Hb concentration difference in L-PFC and R-PFC and RT 20 minutes post-exercise.
These results indicate exercise-induced changes in cerebral oxygenation patterns.

Conclusions:

Forty minutes of moderate-intensity exercise enhances cognitive performance, evidenced by faster reaction times.
The study suggests a phenomenon of neural compensation, where interhemispheric O₂Hb differences in the PFC relate to cognitive recovery post-exercise.
Findings highlight the role of cerebral hemodynamics in exercise-related cognitive benefits.