CHARACTERIZATION OF SERUM SERINE PROTEASE BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Nephrology
• Clinical Chemistry

Background:

• Kidney failure, or renal failure, is a critical condition characterized by the kidneys' inability to adequately filter waste products from the blood.
• Understanding the biochemical profile of kidney failure is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and compare biochemical alterations, including enzyme activities and mineral profiles, in patients with kidney failure versus healthy controls.
• To provide insights into the metabolic disruptions associated with renal failure.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 160 samples (80 kidney failure patients, 80 healthy controls).
• Measurement of serine protease activity, other enzyme levels (LDH, phosphatases, MPO, peroxidase, AST, ALT, catalase, arylesterase), mineral concentrations (Ca, Fe, Cu, K, P, Zn, Na), and protein profiles (total protein, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, urea, creatinine, glucose, globulin, uric acid).

Main Results:

• Significantly elevated serine protease activity in kidney failure patients (274.38 U/L) compared to controls (173.78 U/L).
• Increased activities of LDH, basal phosphatase, MPO, peroxidase, AST, ALT; decreased activities of catalase and arylesterase.
• Altered mineral profiles: decreased Ca, Fe, Cu, K; increased P, Zn, Na.
• Disturbed protein profiles: decreased total protein, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol (except HDL); increased urea, creatinine, glucose, globulin, uric acid.

Conclusions:

• Kidney failure is associated with profound biochemical and metabolic disruptions.
• Significant alterations in enzyme activities, mineral balance, and protein metabolism are characteristic of renal failure, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.