Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory with Persons with Peripheral Artery Disease: A Mixed Method Study

Area of Science:

• Nursing
• Health Sciences
• Patient Education

Background:

• Peripheral artery disease (PAD) significantly impacts daily life and quality of life.
• Effective self-care strategies are crucial for managing PAD symptoms and improving patient outcomes.
• Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory provides a framework for developing patient-centered interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of a self-care training booklet, based on Orem's theory, for patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease.
• To assess the impact of the intervention on pain, activities of daily living, self-care agency, walking distance, and quality of life.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-method approach combining qualitative interviews and a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design.
• Qualitative interviews were used to identify patient needs and inform booklet content.
• Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedman test.

Main Results:

• Thematic analysis of qualitative data identified key self-care needs and symptoms.
• Following the training, patients reported significantly lower pain scores.
• Patients demonstrated improved scores in activities of daily living, self-care agency, walking distance, and quality of life.

Conclusions:

• Algorithm-based self-care training, grounded in Orem's theory, is effective in improving outcomes for patients with lower extremity PAD.
• The intervention positively influences pain management, functional capacity, and overall well-being.
• This approach offers a valuable tool for enhancing patient self-management and quality of life in PAD care.