IMPROVEMENT OF LOWER LIMB AMPUTATION PROCEDURE IN PATIENTS WITH CRITICAL LOWER LIMB ISCHAEMIA

The relevance of the presented topic lies in the rapid growth of complications from diseases that subsequently lead to limb amputation, as well as the problem of untimely detection of ischemic tissues. The aim of the study is to determine and explain the main progressive methods of surgical treatment of obstructive diseases of vessels of different calibers that lead to circulatory disorders and tissue necrosis. The following research methods were used in the work: statistical method, bibliographic, and bibliosemantic. The main indications for lower limb amputation are severe infection, tumor, various types of injuries, gangrene, and limb deformities. In international practice, the most common pathology leading to lower limb amputation is diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease. Critical limb ischemia is the most severe stage of peripheral arterial disease and is characterized by ischemic pain at rest and/or tissue loss. In such patients, the main goal of treatment is to preserve the affected limb. Among some complications that can be successfully treated, only two were noted (which is 9.8% of the total): distal embolization of the peripheral arterial bed and arterial perforation with subsequent bleeding. These conditions significantly worsened the prognosis of the underlying disease. The practical significance of the proposed work can be considered the conclusions that at the first symptoms of lower limb ischemia, one can resort to different types of angioplasty with an improvement in the patient's condition, and in advanced cases it is better to resort to a radical method - amputation, to save the patient's life, in addition, this study brings to science the prospect of creating new methods of limb amputation and new methods of combating ischemia.