T2D and Osteoporosis Risk: A Mendelian Randomisation Study

To investigate the causal effect of Type-II Diabetes (T2D) on osteoporosis (OP) risk using a two-example Mendelian randomisation (MR).

Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Third School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China, from February to July 2024.

The data of the whole gene association study (GWAS) were gathered from two separate databases and the same East Asia descent, including 433,540 genetic variants in T2D and 212,453 genetic variants in osteoporosis. These genetic variants were used as instrumental variables, subsequently, these variables were analysed by several methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW)-random effects, MR-Egger regression, and weighted median estimator (WM).

The outcomes indicated that a potential causal association existed between T2D and OP in the primary MR analysis (IVW: Odds ratio (OR) = 1.0934, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.8735-0.9643, p = 0.0007). Meanwhile, the secondary MR also revealed that T2D was causally associated with OP (MR-Egger: OR = 1.1142, 95% CI: 0.9511-0.9966, p = 0.0004, and WME: OR = 1.1422, 95% CI: 0.8611-0.9666, p = 0.0004). The accuracy and robustness of the above results were confirmed using sensitivity tests.

A causal relationship was found between T2D and OP, which also revealed that T2D increased the risk of OP.

Mendelian randomisation, Type-II diabetes, Osteoporosis, Causal inference.