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Feeding and Swallowing Disorder in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Associated Factors
Richella Kloppers1,2, Dederieke A M Festen3, Sandra Mergler2,4
1Speech and Language Department ASVZ, Care and Service Centre for People With Intellectual Disabilities, Sliedrecht, the Netherlands.
Summary
Feeding and swallowing disorders (FSD) are prevalent in adults with intellectual disabilities. Key factors include mealtime support, coughing, food cramming, and intellectual disability severity, while antipsychotic medication showed a protective association.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Medicine
- Neuroscience
- Public Health
Background:
- Feeding and swallowing disorders (FSD), also known as dysphagia, are frequently underrecognized in adults with intellectual disabilities.
- Caregiver oversight often misses the prevalence and clinical significance of FSD in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinical factors pertinent to daily practice associated with FSD in adults with intellectual disabilities.
- To provide evidence-based insights for improved FSD management in intellectually disabled adults.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study design utilizing medical file data and digital caregiver questionnaires.
- Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine associations between clinical variables and FSD.
Main Results:
- 54% of the 106 participants (aged 19-89) presented with FSD.
- Positive associations with FSD included increased mealtime support needs, coughing, food cramming, and severe-profound intellectual disability.
- Antipsychotic medication use was negatively associated with FSD.
Conclusions:
- FSD is a common condition in adults with intellectual disabilities.
- Clinical indicators such as mealtime support, coughing, food cramming, and intellectual disability severity are significantly associated with FSD.
- Antipsychotic medication may play a role in mitigating FSD risk.
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