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Smns Structure Based Fiber Optic Interferometer For Cadmium Detection.

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Smns Structure Based Fiber Optic Interferometer For Cadmium Detection.

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Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection

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SMNS structure based fiber optic interferometer for cadmium detection.

Xujie Wang, Abdullah Al Noman, Yifan Liu

|August 13, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel fiber optic sensor detects cadmium ions (Cd²⁺) using a graphene oxide and chitosan composite. This cost-effective sensor offers high sensitivity and selectivity for environmental monitoring.

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Published on: September 30, 2019

Area of Science:

Optical sensing
Chemical sensing
Materials science

Background:

Heavy metal ion contamination, particularly cadmium (Cd²⁺), poses significant environmental and health risks.
Existing detection methods often lack cost-effectiveness, portability, or selectivity.
Development of sensitive and selective sensors for real-time Cd²⁺ monitoring is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and demonstrate a cost-effective, compact, and reliable fiber optic interferometer for sensitive Cd²⁺ detection.
To functionalize a single-mode/multimode/no-core/single-mode (SMNS) fiber structure for selective Cd²⁺ binding.
To evaluate the sensor's sensitivity, selectivity, response time, and performance under varying pH and temperature conditions.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of an SMNS fiber interferometer by splicing multimode fiber (MMF) and no-core fiber (NCF) between single-mode fibers (SMF).
Functionalization of the NCF segment with a composite of graphene oxide (GO)-cysteamine (MEA) and chitosan (CS)-Cd²⁺ imprinted polymer (Cd²⁺IP).
Characterization of sensor performance by monitoring interference minima, assessing selectivity against other heavy metals, and investigating pH and temperature effects, with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) used for temperature compensation.

Main Results:

The developed sensor achieved a high sensitivity of -0.1211 nm/ppb within a detection range of 0-10 ppb for Cd²⁺.
A rapid response time of 90 seconds was observed for Cd²⁺ detection.
The sensor exhibited excellent selectivity for Cd²⁺ over other heavy metal ions and demonstrated stable performance across different pH levels.
Temperature crosstalk was effectively eliminated using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG).

Conclusions:

The proposed SMNS fiber interferometer functionalized with a GO-MEA/CS-Cd²⁺IP composite offers a promising, cost-effective solution for sensitive and selective Cd²⁺ detection.
The sensor's compact design, rapid response, and robustness make it suitable for real-time environmental monitoring applications.
Further research could explore its application in complex matrices and long-term stability studies.