Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

11.1K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
11.1K
Stereoisomers02:32

Stereoisomers

14.0K
On the basis of mirror symmetry, stereoisomers of an organic molecule can be further classified into diastereomers and enantiomers. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. Substituted alkenes, such as the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene, are diastereomers, as these molecules exhibit different spatial orientations of their constituent atoms, are not mirror images of each other, and do not interconvert. Here, the interconversion is suppressed due to...
14.0K
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

1.7K
A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied...
1.7K
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

9.4K
Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
9.4K
Poisson's Ratio01:23

Poisson's Ratio

2.3K
Poisson's ratio is a material property that indicates their stress response. It explains the connection between the elongation or compression a material undergoes in the direction of an applied force and the contraction or expansion it experiences perpendicular to that force. When a slender bar is loaded axially, it stretches in the direction of the force and contracts laterally. Poisson's ratio is the negative ratio of this lateral contraction to the axial elongation. The negative sign...
2.3K
Fineness Modulus01:19

Fineness Modulus

2.0K
The fineness modulus (FM) of aggregate is a numerical index that measures the coarseness or fineness of the particles. It is calculated by adding the cumulative percentages of aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100.
Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1.
To determine the fineness modulus of...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Probing Cellular Activity Via Charge-Sensitive Quantum Nanoprobes.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Future of condensed matter physics for the next 10 years<sup></sup>.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

A General and Modular Approach to Solid-State Integration of Zero-Dimensional Quantum Systems.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Spin-State-Selective Excitation in Spin Defects of Hexagonal Boron Nitride.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Engineering spin coherence in core-shell diamond nanocrystals.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Spin Hall Conductivity in Bi<sub>1-</sub>Sb<sub></sub> as an Experimental Test of Bulk-Boundary Correspondence.

Nano letters·2025
Same journal

High Pressure Synthesis of Ultrasmall Nanodiamonds with Nitrogen Vacancy Centers.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Efros-Shklovskii Law at the Thinnest Limit of a Material.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Oxygen Electronic Configuration Modulation Triggering Reversible Anionic Redox Chemistry toward High Voltage Tolerant Sodium Layered Oxide.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Development of a Nanoscale Protein-Protein Mapping of PDE4 Interface-Disrupting Peptides.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Lubricin-Protected Plasmonic Nanoslides Enable Stable, Reusable, Nonfouling, and Ultrasensitive Biomimetic-SERS Sensing for the Detection of Vancomycin in Unprocessed Whole Blood.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Forcing a Molecule to Switch: Quantifying Mechanical Control at the Atomic Scale.

Nano letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Comprehensive Characterization of Extended Defects in Semiconductor Materials by a Scanning Electron Microscope
11:14

Comprehensive Characterization of Extended Defects in Semiconductor Materials by a Scanning Electron Microscope

Published on: May 28, 2016

14.0K

Imaging the Acceptor Wave Function Anisotropy in Silicon.

Manuel Siegl1,2, Julian Zanon3, Joseph Sink4

  • 1London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, U.K.

Nano Letters
|August 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers captured the first scanning tunneling microscopy images of hydrogenic acceptor wave functions in silicon. These images reveal square-ring features, crucial for developing silicon-based quantum devices.

Keywords:
acceptor stateseffective-mass theoryquantum device engineeringscanning tunneling microscopysilicontight binding Green’s functions

More Related Videos

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

8.5K
Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
05:57

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Comprehensive Characterization of Extended Defects in Semiconductor Materials by a Scanning Electron Microscope
11:14

Comprehensive Characterization of Extended Defects in Semiconductor Materials by a Scanning Electron Microscope

Published on: May 28, 2016

14.0K
Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

8.5K
Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
05:57

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Understanding acceptor states in silicon is crucial for semiconductor device fabrication.
  • Previous imaging techniques have not resolved the spatial characteristics of these wave functions.
  • Defects can significantly alter the electronic properties of silicon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To obtain the first direct imaging of hydrogenic acceptor wave functions in silicon using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).
  • To characterize the spatial distribution and symmetry of these acceptor states.
  • To provide a foundation for the design of advanced silicon-based quantum devices.

Main Methods:

  • High-energy bismuth implantation to create near-surface defects in a silicon (001) wafer.
  • Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for atomic-scale imaging.
  • Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) to confirm surface electronic properties.
  • Effective-mass and tight-binding theoretical calculations for analysis.

Main Results:

  • The first STM images of hydrogenic acceptor wave functions in silicon were successfully obtained.
  • Observed acceptor states presented as distinct square-ring-like features.
  • STS confirmed the formation of a p-type surface layer.
  • Theoretical calculations accurately reproduced the observed square-ring features and confirmed their acceptor character.

Conclusions:

  • The observed square-ring features are attributed to the light- and heavy-hole band degeneracy in silicon.
  • The study provides critical insights into the spatial and energetic properties of acceptor wave functions.
  • This work is essential for the future engineering of large-scale acceptor-based quantum devices in silicon.