Assessing hemodynamic changes before and after pump in CABG surgery and its factors

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Surgery
• Intensive Care Medicine
• Clinical Chemistry

Background:

• Postoperative clinical and para-clinical changes are significant challenges following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
• Understanding these physiological alterations is crucial for managing patients undergoing CABG.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the clinical and para-clinical changes in patients undergoing on-pump CABG surgery.
• To analyze the impact of patient demographics and comorbidities on postoperative physiological status.

Main Methods:

• A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 109 patients undergoing CABG.
• Data collected using checklists, with statistical analysis including Kolmogorov-Smirnov, paired t-test, and regression.
• Variables assessed included blood sugar, lactate, electrolytes, blood gases, hemoglobin, hematocrit, heart rate, and mean blood pressure.

Main Results:

• On-pump surgery significantly increased blood sugar, lactate, potassium, and heart rate (p < 0.05).
• Hemoglobin, hematocrit, pH, PaO₂, bicarbonate, and mean blood pressure significantly decreased (p < 0.05).
• Gender significantly affected cerebral oximetry, hemoglobin, and hematocrit; comorbidities positively impacted PaO₂.

Conclusions:

• On-pump CABG surgery leads to significant postoperative clinical and para-clinical status changes.
• Patient comorbidities and gender are significant factors influencing postoperative physiological parameters, including oxygenation and blood counts.