Using the Immune System for Effective Periodontal and Caries Management

Area of Science:

• Oral immunology
• Microbial pathogenesis
• Translational medicine

Background:

• The immune system defends against oral microbes causing periodontal disease and dental caries.
• Chronic inflammation, while protective, can paradoxically lead to significant tissue destruction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advances in oral immunology and clinical applications.
• To explore novel immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies, emphasizing translational and personalized immunogenetic approaches.

Main Methods:

• Synthesizing current understanding of oral microbiome, immunity, and disease pathogenesis.
• Investigating the role of immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes) and mediators (cytokines, chemokines).
• Highlighting saliva's role in modulating oral immunity.

Main Results:

• Immune responses, particularly chronic inflammation, contribute to alveolar bone loss and enamel demineralization.
• Understanding immune mechanisms is key to developing targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

• This review provides insights into immunomodulatory treatments for oral diseases.
• Personalized, immunogenetic-based interventions hold promise for improved prevention and management.
• Effective oral disease management can reduce the systemic health burden.