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A secure group-based authentication protocol for IoVT in 5G-enabled smart transportation and road safety systems
Garima Singh1, Shivani Sharma1, Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India.
Scientific Reports
|January 15, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a new authentication protocol for the Internet of Vehicular Things (IoVT) in 5G networks. It enhances security and privacy while reducing network overhead for connected vehicles.
Area of Science:
- Cybersecurity
- Network Engineering
- Internet of Things
Background:
- The Internet of Vehicular Things (IoVT) connects vehicles and infrastructure, improving services but posing security risks.
- Existing authentication protocols may not adequately address the unique challenges of 5G-enabled IoVT.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a lightweight, group-based authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocol for 5G IoVT networks.
- To enhance security, privacy, and efficiency in IoVT systems.
Main Methods:
- Developed a novel group-based AKA protocol.
- Formally validated security using AVISPA tool and BAN logic.
- Conducted performance evaluations against the standard EPS-AKA protocol.
Main Results:
- Achieved mutual authentication, key confirmation, forward/backward secrecy, subscriber privacy, and session unlinkability.
- Demonstrated strong resistance against common cryptographic attacks.
- Reduced signaling overhead by up to 47.3% and bandwidth consumption by up to 32.3%.
Conclusions:
- The proposed protocol offers a secure, efficient, and scalable solution for 5G IoVT.
- It effectively mitigates security and privacy risks in connected vehicle environments.
- The protocol's performance improvements make it suitable for next-generation IoVT systems.
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