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Associations Between Physical Stimulus Size and Vertical Response Locations
Peter Wühr1, Oliver Lindemann2
1Department of Psychology, TU Dortmund University, Germany.
Experimental Psychology
|February 10, 2026
Summary
Physical stimulus size is linked to vertical locations. Small stimuli are faster in lower locations, while large stimuli are faster in higher locations, impacting both manual and vocal responses.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Spatial Cognition
Background:
- Previous research established associations between stimulus size and horizontal spatial locations.
- The relationship between physical stimulus size and vertical spatial locations remained less explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the existence and direction of associations between physical stimulus size and vertical response locations.
- To determine if size-space compatibility effects extend to vocal responses.
Main Methods:
- Experiment 1: 80 participants responded to stimulus size using vertically arranged keys, manipulating stimulus-key mappings and hand-key assignments.
- Experiment 2: 66 participants responded vocally to stimulus size using location words.
Main Results:
- A novel compatibility effect was observed: responses to small stimuli were faster at lower locations, and responses to large stimuli were faster at higher locations.
- This size-stimulus vertical location compatibility effect was replicated using vocal responses.
Conclusions:
- Physical stimulus size is associated with vertical spatial locations, similar to horizontal associations.
- These associations may stem from learned correlations and semantic knowledge, as evidenced by vocal response compatibility.
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