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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
Prevalence and Incidence01:08

Prevalence and Incidence

In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health condition at a...
Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...

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Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
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Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

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Oral Cancer Screening and Demographic Risk Assessment: A Community-Based Cross-sectional Study in Rural India.

Koteswararao Mallaparapu1,2, P Ratna Bhaskar1,2, M Menaka3

  • 1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh India.

Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new portable optical screening device, OncoDiagnoScope, shows high sensitivity and a 100% negative predictive value for oral cancer detection in rural India. This tool aids early detection in underserved communities.

Keywords:
Demographic risk factorsOncoDiagnoScopeearly detectionoral cancer screeningpopulation-based studyrural health

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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
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Published on: December 23, 2022

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Devices
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Oral cancer is a significant cause of mortality in India.
  • Rural populations face challenges in accessing early oral cancer detection services.
  • Novel diagnostic tools are needed for resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of the OncoDiagnoScope, a portable optical screening device, for oral cancer detection.
  • To assess demographic risk factors associated with oral cancer in a rural Indian population.
  • To determine the device's performance metrics compared to expert clinical examination.

Main Methods:

  • A community-based cross-sectional study involving 1358 participants in rural Tamil Nadu.
  • Participants underwent a screening protocol including OncoDiagnoScope assessment, specialist clinical evaluation, and histopathological confirmation.
  • Risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • The OncoDiagnoScope identified 23.6% of participants as suspects, with 7.4% clinically confirmed and 0.66% histopathologically confirmed malignancies.
  • The device demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% negative predictive value (NPV) for oral cancer.
  • While univariate analysis showed associations with age, tobacco, and betel leaf use, these were not independent predictors in the multivariate model.

Conclusions:

  • The OncoDiagnoScope is a highly sensitive, non-invasive tool suitable for community-level oral cancer screening.
  • Its high NPV makes it valuable for ruling out disease in rural outreach programs.
  • Integrating such portable technologies can improve early cancer detection in marginalized populations.