Genetics, Screening, and Risk-reducing Interventions for Breast Cancer
Julie Le1, Lisa Madlensky2, Tara A Retson3
1Department of Surgery, Breast Surgery Division, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
The Surgical Clinics of North America
|July 8, 2026
Summary
This review helps surgeons understand breast cancer genetics and risk assessment. It covers screening, genetic testing, and risk-reducing strategies for personalized patient care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Breast cancer management requires understanding genetic predispositions.
- Accurate risk assessment is crucial for effective screening and prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide general surgeons with a guide to breast cancer genetics, risk assessment, and management.
- To review evidence-based screening and risk-reducing strategies for diverse patient populations.
Main Methods:
- Clinical review of current literature on breast cancer genetics and risk assessment models.
- Evaluation of various screening modalities, including mammography, MRI, and molecular breast imaging.
- Discussion of genetic testing indications, interpretation, and risk-reducing interventions.
Main Results:
- Outlines risk assessment using models like Gail and Tyrer-Cuzick for average-risk and high-risk women.
- Reviews benefits and limitations of supplemental diagnostic imaging in breast cancer screening.
- Emphasizes individualized patient care based on mutation status and family history.
Conclusions:
- Surgeons can integrate genetic knowledge into prevention, early detection, and tailored breast cancer management.
- Personalized strategies incorporating genetic insights improve patient outcomes.
- This review equips clinicians with tools for comprehensive breast cancer risk management.
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