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Modelling Divergent Thinking as a Mediator Between Artificial Intelligence Cognitive Stimulation and EFL Learners'
Mohammad Hamad Al-Khresheh1, Suheyla Demirkol Orak2, Tariq Elyas3
1Humanities and Social Research Center, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia.
Journal of Intelligence
|July 27, 2026
Summary
AI cognitive stimulation enhances English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' creativity, primarily through divergent thinking. Accumulated AI experience also plays a role in this cognitive process.
Area of Science:
- Educational Technology
- Cognitive Psychology
- Second Language Acquisition
Background:
- Limited research exists on cognitive mechanisms of creativity in AI-supported English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning.
- The influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) experience on creative processes in EFL learners requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between AI cognitive stimulation and cognitive creativity in EFL learners.
- To investigate the mediating role of divergent thinking in this relationship.
- To explore the moderating effect of AI experience on the association between AI cognitive stimulation and cognitive creativity.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional study involving 878 undergraduate EFL learners in Saudi Arabia.
- Validated instruments and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyze data.
- Mediation and moderated mediation analyses were employed to test the proposed relationships.
Main Results:
- AI cognitive stimulation significantly predicted divergent thinking (β = 0.52).
- Divergent thinking significantly predicted cognitive creativity (β = 0.46).
- AI experience modestly conditioned the indirect effect of AI cognitive stimulation on cognitive creativity via divergent thinking.
Conclusions:
- Divergent thinking is the primary cognitive mechanism linking AI cognitive stimulation to enhanced cognitive creativity in EFL learners.
- Learner-controlled ideational processes are more critical than mere exposure to AI-generated content for fostering creativity.
- Accumulated AI experience influences the creative cognition process in AI-supported EFL learning environments.
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