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Fast three dimensional magnetic resonance imaging

P Irarrazabal1, D G Nishimura

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, California, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
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Researchers developed faster 3D imaging techniques by altering k-space traversal. These novel trajectories significantly reduce scan times and the number of excitations needed for high-quality 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biophysics
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background:

  • Traditional 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, such as 3D Fourier Transform (3DFT), often require long scan times.
  • Reducing scan time is crucial for improving patient comfort, minimizing motion artifacts, and enabling advanced imaging applications like dynamic imaging.
  • Alternative k-space trajectories are being explored to overcome the limitations of conventional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alternative k-space trajectories for significantly reducing scan time in three-dimensional (3D) imaging.
  • To evaluate the trade-offs between signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and scan time offered by these novel trajectories.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of these methods in acquiring complex 3D datasets and dynamic 3D "movies".

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • The study explores novel, time-varying gradient-based trajectories for k-space traversal, differing from traditional 3D Fourier Transform (3DFT).
  • These methods allow for longer readouts, thereby reducing overall scan time.
  • Two specific trajectories, "stack of spirals" and "cones," are presented as examples.

Main Results:

  • The proposed trajectories can reduce the number of excitations by an order of magnitude compared to 3DFT.
  • A 3D head dataset (30 x 30 x 7.5 cm FOV, 1.5 mm resolution) was acquired in just 56 seconds using a stack of spirals.
  • A dynamic 3D cardiac movie (20 x 20 x 20 cm FOV, 2 mm resolution, 16 frames) was acquired in 11 minutes using a cones trajectory.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative k-space trajectories offer a significant reduction in scan time for 3D MRI.
  • These methods provide flexibility in optimizing the balance between image quality (SNR) and acquisition speed.
  • The demonstrated applications highlight the potential for advanced 3D imaging of the head and dynamic cardiac imaging with reduced scan times.