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Lactoferrin and the inflammatory response

R D Baynes1, W R Bezwoda

  • 1Department of Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7402, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Lactoferrin (LF) levels do not cause inflammation-related iron changes. Plasma LF concentration effectively indicates granulocyte activation, predicting sepsis mortality and identifying persistent activation in asthma and deficiency in viral infections.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding protein found in secretions and immune cells.
  • Its role in inflammation and iron metabolism is complex and not fully understood.
  • Granulocytes are key immune cells involved in the inflammatory response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of lactoferrin in the hypoferremic, hyperferritinemic response to acute inflammation.
  • To evaluate plasma lactoferrin concentration as an indicator of granulocyte activation in various inflammatory conditions.
  • To explore the relationship between lactoferrin levels and specific diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, infections, and asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Development of polyclonal antibodies against human breast milk lactoferrin.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Use of ELISA for measuring plasma lactoferrin concentrations.
  • In situ evaluation of granulocyte lactoferrin content in disease states.
  • Analysis of patient cohorts including bone marrow transplant recipients, pneumonia patients, and asthmatics.

    • Main Results:

    • Lactoferrin did not appear to mediate the hypoferremic response to inflammation, as seen in bone marrow transplant recipients.
    • Plasma lactoferrin levels correlated with granulocyte activation, with high levels in acute pneumonia predicting sepsis mortality.
    • Viral infections were associated with acquired granulocyte lactoferrin deficiency.
    • Asthmatics showed persistent granulocyte activation even when asymptomatic.

    Conclusions:

    • Lactoferrin is not the primary mediator of the hypoferremic response during acute inflammation.
    • Plasma lactoferrin serves as a valuable biomarker for granulocyte activation and function in inflammatory diseases.
    • Lactoferrin measurements can aid in predicting sepsis-related mortality and identifying subclinical immune activation.