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Memory for self-generated narration in the elderly

J Drevenstedt1, F S Bellezza

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens 45701-2979.

Psychology and Aging
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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The story mnemonic technique effectively aids memory recall in elderly women, showing reliability and no practice effects. Distinct subgroups emerged, with narration cohesiveness and working memory predicting recall accuracy.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The story mnemonic technique is a proven memory enhancement strategy for young adults.
  • Its efficacy and application in elderly populations require further investigation.
  • Understanding age-related memory changes is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the story mnemonic technique's effectiveness for encoding and recall in elderly women.
  • To identify potential subgroups within the elderly population based on memory performance.
  • To explore factors influencing word recall in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Assessed technique reliability and practice effects in undergraduates and elderly women over 3 weeks.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Experiment 2: Analyzed narration cohesiveness and recall accuracy in 67 elderly women (mean age 72).
  • Statistical analysis included stepwise multiple regression to identify predictors of word recall.

    • Main Results:

    • The story mnemonic technique demonstrated reliability and no practice effects across both age groups.
    • Elderly women formed 3 distinct subgroups based on narration cohesiveness and recall accuracy.
    • Narration cohesiveness, working memory, and vocabulary significantly predicted word recall.

    Conclusions:

    • The story mnemonic technique is a viable and reliable memory strategy for elderly women.
    • Cognitive factors like narration cohesiveness and working memory are key predictors of memory performance in older adults.
    • A general memory factor appears to differentiate elderly subgroups, suggesting varied cognitive profiles.