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Human kidney aldose and aldehyde reductases
1Laboratory Ocular Therapeutics, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
|July 1, 1993
Summary
Human kidney contains aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase, enzymes involved in diabetes-related kidney changes. Both enzymes reduce sugars to sugar alcohols and are inhibited by aldose reductase inhibitors.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Increased aldose reductase activity is linked to diabetes-related kidney dysfunction.
- Understanding NADPH-dependent reductases in the human kidney is crucial for metabolic disease research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interrelationship of aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase in the human kidney.
- To characterize the biochemical properties and localization of these enzymes.
Main Methods:
- Enzyme purification using gel filtration, affinity chromatography, and chromatofocusing.
- Characterization by electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, and SDS-PAGE.
- Substrate specificity and inhibition studies.
Main Results:
- Aldose reductase (pI 5.7, 37 kDa) and aldehyde reductase (pI 5.2, 39 kDa) were purified as monomers.
- Aldehyde reductase is in the cortex; aldose reductase is in the medulla.
- Both enzymes reduce aldose sugars and are inhibited by aldose reductase inhibitors.
Conclusions:
- Aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase are distinct enzymes in the human kidney with different localizations.
- Their activities and inhibition patterns suggest potential roles in kidney function and disease.