Related Experiment Videos
Ontogenetic expression of spot 35 protein (calbindin-D28k) in human olfactory receptor neurons and its decrease in
M Yamagishi1, S Takami, T V Getchell
1Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington 40536-0084, USA.
The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|February 1, 1996
Summary
Human olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) express spot 35 protein (S-35). S-35 expression declines with age and significantly decreases in Alzheimer
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Immunohistochemistry
Background:
- Spot 35 protein (S-35, calbindin-D28k) is a calcium-binding protein.
- Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are crucial for smell perception.
- Age-related changes and neurodegenerative diseases can affect neuronal function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of S-35 in human olfactory mucosa across different age groups.
- To examine S-35 expression in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemical analysis of human olfactory mucosa.
- Utilized antibodies for S-35, olfactory marker protein (OMP), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
- Examined samples from fetuses, infants, children, adults, and elderly individuals, including AD patients and controls.
Main Results:
- S-35 immunoreactivity was detected in ORNs and olfactory nerve bundles.
- The number of OMP-immunoreactive ORNs remained stable across ages.
- NSE- and S-35-immunoreactive ORNs showed a marked decline from fetal to adult stages and in AD patients compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Human ORNs express S-35, with a significant age-related decline in expression.
- Reduced S-35 expression in AD patients suggests diminished calcium ion regulation and cell protection in ORNs.
- These findings highlight potential alterations in neuronal excitability and calcium homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease.