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An In vitro Co-infection Model to Study Plasmodium falciparum-HIV-1 Interactions in Human Primary Monocyte-derived Immune Cells
Published on: August 15, 2012
Drug interactions in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus
S C Piscitelli1, C Flexner, J R Minor
1Department of Pharmacy, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Summary
Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are living longer with advanced treatments. However, increased drug interactions with antiretroviral therapies require careful management to avoid toxicity or enhance benefits.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
- Hepatology
Background:
- Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are experiencing improved survival rates due to advancements in combination antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis for opportunistic infections.
- This improved longevity, however, is associated with a higher potential for drug interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of drug interactions in patients with AIDS receiving optimal medical care.
- To highlight the potential for both enhanced toxicity and augmented therapeutic benefit from these interactions.
Main Methods:
- A review of existing literature on drug interactions relevant to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) management.
- Synthesis of information regarding the impact of antiretroviral agents and other medications on hepatic cytochrome P-450, renal tubular function, and bone marrow.
Main Results:
- Many antibiotics and antiviral agents used in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) management significantly affect the hepatic cytochrome P-450 enzyme system, renal tubular function, and bone marrow.
- These effects can lead to additive or synergistic drug interactions, potentially causing enhanced toxicity or improved therapeutic outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Understanding drug interactions is crucial for optimizing treatment in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
- As therapies for advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection become more intensive, knowledge of drug interactions will be increasingly vital for patient safety and treatment efficacy.
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