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[Group B streptococcal infection in adults]
1H:S Rigshospitalet, epidemiafdeling M, København.
Ugeskrift for Laeger
|February 3, 1997
Summary
Infections with Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) are increasing in adults, causing severe illness like sepsis and organ failure. Early diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics are crucial, and vaccines could prevent GBS disease.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a significant pathogen.
- While commonly associated with neonatal infections, GBS is increasingly recognized as a cause of severe disease in adults.
Observation:
- This review details three adult cases of GBS infection.
- Data from Denmark over 14 years indicates a rising incidence of GBS disease in adults over 15 years old.
Findings:
- Common clinical presentations include puerperal fever, bacteremia, skin/soft tissue infections, pneumonia, urosepsis, and meningitis.
- Fulminant GBS disease can rapidly lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and cardiovascular instability.
- Treatment involves parenteral antibiotics, primarily high-dose benzylpenicillin, and supportive care.
Implications:
- The rising incidence of adult GBS disease necessitates increased awareness and diagnostic vigilance.
- Effective GBS vaccines are needed for both infant and adult populations to prevent invasive disease.
- Understanding the clinical spectrum and rapid progression of adult GBS infections is vital for timely intervention.