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A 0.18-µm CMOS Array Sensor for Integrated Time-Resolved Fluorescence Detection.

Ta-Chien D Huang¹, Sebastian Sorgenfrei, Ping Gong

¹Columbia Bioelectronics Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA.

IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits

|May 4, 2010

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This study presents a new CMOS sensor array for time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The active sensor achieves high sensitivity and fast response times for advanced fluorescence imaging applications.

Area of Science:

Photonics and Spectroscopic Instrumentation
Integrated Circuit Design
Biomedical Imaging Technology

Background:

Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy requires sensitive detectors with high temporal resolution.
Current sensor technologies may face limitations in sensitivity and speed for advanced applications.
Integrated CMOS technology offers potential for miniaturized and high-performance sensor arrays.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and characterize an active, integrated CMOS sensor array for time-gated, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy.
To achieve high photon sensitivity and a fast impulse response for improved fluorescence measurements.
To enable applications in active microarrays and high-frame-rate fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.

Main Methods:

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Design of a 64-by-64 active, integrated CMOS sensor array.

Implementation of a differential pixel design for enhanced performance.

Characterization of photon density sensitivity and impulse response.

Main Results:

The sensor array exhibits sensitivity to photon densities as low as 8.8 × 10^6 photons/cm^2 with 64-point averaging.
A measured impulse response of better than 800 ps was achieved.
The design enables time-gated and time-resolved fluorescence measurements.

Conclusions:

The developed CMOS sensor array is suitable for demanding fluorescence applications.
The sensor's high sensitivity and temporal resolution advance time-resolved spectroscopy.
Potential applications include active microarrays and advanced fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.