Emerging Biotechnology Applications of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Materials Science
• Separation Science

Background:

• Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) are formed by mixing incompatible polymers, or polymers with salts/surfactants.
• Historically, ATPS have been utilized primarily for separation science applications.
• Recent advances in materials science and liquid handling have expanded ATPS capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of the history and properties of ATPS.
• To contextualize the progression of ATPS from traditional uses to modern applications.
• To evaluate future directions, limitations, and design considerations for ATPS.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and progress report synthesis.
• Analysis of historical applications and key properties of ATPS.
• Evaluation of current and emerging ATPS applications in bioengineering.

Main Results:

• ATPS have evolved significantly beyond basic separation.
• Modern applications include cellular micropatterning, bioprinting, 3D tissue assembly, and microscale assays.
• ATPS facilitate cell separation and microcapsule production using microfluidics, and are applied in synthetic biology.

Conclusions:

• ATPS represent an adaptable toolkit for biomolecule and cellular manipulation.
• Further research is needed to address present limitations and optimize design considerations.
• The potential for ATPS in advanced bioengineering applications is substantial.