Pericytes in the Human Vocal Fold Mucosa

Area of Science:

• Vascular biology
• Vocal fold anatomy
• Tissue engineering

Background:

• The human vocal fold is a complex vibrating tissue.
• Vascular structures within vibrating tissues require specialized adaptations.
• The unique mechanical demands of phonation necessitate specific vascular architecture.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the unique vascular structure of the human vocal fold edge.
• To characterize the role of pericytes in vocal fold capillaries.
• To understand the implications of vocal fold vascularity in healing and disease.

Main Methods:

• Microscopic examination of human vocal fold mucosa.
• Identification and characterization of capillary and pericyte structures.
• Analysis of pericyte-endothelial cell interactions.

Main Results:

• Vocal fold edge capillaries are exclusively small vessels (arterioles, venules, capillaries) in Reinke's space.
• Pericytes extensively associate with capillaries, sharing basement membranes and forming tight junctions.
• Pericytes appear to provide mechanical support, regulate capillary diameter during phonation, and aid in revascularization.

Conclusions:

• Pericytes are integral to vocal fold capillary function and structural integrity, especially during vibration.
• These pericytes are present from birth, suggesting a foundational role in vocal fold vascular development.
• Understanding vocal fold vascular structure is key to addressing diseases affecting this vibrating tissue.