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The Design and Validation of Three Interprofessional Simulations: A Feasibility Study
Laura Klenke-Borgmann1, Mary Ann Cantrell
1About the Authors Laura Klenke-Borgmann, PhD, RN, is a clinical assistant professor, University of Kansas School of Nursing, Kansas City, Kansas. Mary Ann Cantrell, PhD, RN, CNE, ANEF, FAAN, is a professor and director, PhD Program, Villanova University, M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova, Pennsylvania. For more information, contact Dr. Klenke-Borgmann at lklenke-borgmann@kumc.edu.
This study tested the feasibility of three interprofessional simulations designed to meet the INACSL Standards of Best Practice. The simulations required participants to use clinical judgment in caring for simulated patients. The researchers evaluated the content validity and fidelity of the scenarios using expert reviews and statistical indices. The results showed that the simulations met all 11 INACSL standards, with high content validity scores. The study provides a model for integrating best practices into simulation design and supports the use of these scenarios as exemplars. The authors suggest that these simulations can guide future simulation development and training in healthcare education.
Area of Science:
- Health professions education
- Simulation-based learning
- Interprofessional collaboration
Background:
Simulation-based learning is widely used in health professions education to train students and professionals in clinical settings. Prior research has shown that simulation can enhance clinical judgment and teamwork. However, the integration of best practices into simulation design remains underexplored. No prior work had resolved how to fully operationalize the INACSL Standards of Best Practice in a practical setting. This gap motivated researchers to investigate the feasibility of interprofessional simulations. The need for validated simulation scenarios is particularly relevant in training teams across disciplines. Existing studies often lack detailed validation methods for simulation content. This study addresses the gap by focusing on content validity and fidelity in simulation design.
Purpose Of The Study:
The study aimed to assess the feasibility of implementing the INACSL Standards of Best Practice in simulation scenarios. It focused on three interprofessional simulations requiring clinical judgment. The researchers wanted to determine whether these simulations could be designed to meet established standards. They also sought to evaluate the content validity and fidelity of the scenarios. The goal was to provide a model for integrating best practices into simulation design. The simulations involved care for simulated patients across disciplines. The study aimed to test whether the process could meet all 11 INACSL criteria. The findings were intended to support the development of standardized simulation practices.
Main Methods:
The researchers designed three interprofessional simulation scenarios for evaluation. Each scenario required participants to demonstrate clinical judgment in patient care. The process was structured to align with the 11 INACSL Standards of Best Practice. Content validity was assessed using item and scale content validity indices. Experts in simulation and interprofessional education reviewed the scenarios. The researchers calculated mean item-content validity indices for each scenario. They also evaluated scale-content validity indices to assess overall scenario quality. The study used a feasibility design to test the practical application of the standards.
Main Results:
The study found that the simulation scenarios met all 11 INACSL standards. The mean item-content validity indices ranged from 0.98 to 1.00 across the scenarios. The scale-content validity indices ranged from 0.86 to 1.00. These results indicate strong content validity for the simulation design. The findings suggest that the scenarios were well-aligned with best practice standards. The fidelity of the intervention was confirmed through the validation process. The study demonstrated the feasibility of applying the INACSL standards in practice. The results support the use of these simulations as exemplars of best practice.
Conclusions:
The study concludes that the three interprofessional simulations met all 11 INACSL standards. The high content validity indices suggest that the scenarios are well-designed. The findings support the feasibility of integrating best practices into simulation design. The researchers propose that these simulations can serve as models for future development. The study provides evidence for the practical application of the INACSL standards. The results suggest that content validity and fidelity can be achieved in simulation scenarios. The authors recommend further research to evaluate the impact of these simulations on learning outcomes. The study contributes to the science of simulation by demonstrating best practice integration.
Frequently Asked Questions
The INACSL Standards of Best Practice are guidelines for simulation in healthcare education. The study applied these standards to three interprofessional simulations, ensuring all 11 criteria were met.
The simulations were validated using item and scale content validity indices. Experts reviewed the scenarios, and indices ranged from 0.86 to 1.00, indicating strong validity.
Clinical judgment is essential for patient care decisions. The simulations required participants to demonstrate this skill, aligning with real-world healthcare scenarios.
Interprofessional collaboration was central to the simulation scenarios. The study aimed to evaluate how teams across disciplines could work together in simulated patient care.
The indices suggest high-quality simulation design. Mean item-content validity indices ranged from 0.98 to 1.00, and scale indices ranged from 0.86 to 1.00.
The authors suggest that the simulations can serve as models for future design. They propose further research to evaluate the impact on learning outcomes.

