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Multicommutation flow analysis system for non-enzymatic lactate determination based on light-driven photometric

Justyna Głowacka1, Robert Koncki1, Kamil Strzelak1

  • 1University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.

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|May 20, 2022
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Summary

A new automated system uses light and flow analysis for precise lactate determination. This bioanalytical tool offers high sensitivity and low sample consumption for analyzing human serum.

Keywords:
Iron complexesLactateMulticommutationOptoelectronic detectorPhotodegradation

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Lactate determination is crucial in clinical diagnostics.
  • Existing methods for lactate analysis can be time-consuming and reagent-intensive.
  • There is a need for rapid, sensitive, and automated lactate detection systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a fully-mechanized bioanalytical system for photometric, light-driven lactate determination.
  • To achieve precise control over assay parameters using Arduino-compatible electronics.
  • To enhance assay selectivity and reduce sample/reagent consumption.

Main Methods:

  • A flow-through cell system utilizing UV-LEDs for photochemical reduction of Fe(III) in the presence of lactate.
  • LED-photodiode detection of the Fe(II)-Ferrozine complex.
  • A multicommutation flow analysis system controlled by Arduino, featuring solenoid micropumps and microvalves.
  • Optimization of irradiation time and UV-LED current for precise control.

Main Results:

  • The system enables lactate determination in the sub-milimolar range (6.0–300.0 μmol/L).
  • Achieved satisfactory sensitivity (597.1 AU·L/μmol) and a low detection limit (3.4 μmol/L).
  • Demonstrated significant reduction in sample (1.25–0.5 μL) and reagent consumption.
  • High sample throughput of 24 detections per hour was achieved.
  • Kinetic monitoring improved assay selectivity by discriminating potential interferents.
  • Analysis of human serum standards showed recovery values between 92.1–104.2%.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mechanized bioanalytical system provides a sensitive, selective, and efficient method for lactate determination.
  • The system's automation and low consumption make it suitable for routine clinical diagnostics.
  • Precise control over assay parameters and kinetic monitoring enhance reliability and applicability.
  • The system's performance, validated with human serum, indicates its practical utility.