[Knee examination in practice: clinical relevance of author-named special tests]

Special tests for clinical examination of the musculoskeletal system are numerous, many of them named after the author who described them. We have researched and listed the author-named tests available for knee examination, discussing their practical utility in sports medicine. For each structure, we recommend the combination of at least 2 tests, which increases the overall diagnostic performance of the clinical examination. At least one functional test must be included as part of a sports medicine consultation. The most useful author-named tests in this context and depending on the suspicion are the Lachman, Lelli, Smilie, McConnell, Arnold's cross-over, Godfrey, McIntosh pivot-shift, Slocum, McMurray, Apley, and Thessaly.