Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:

Epistaxis

Epistaxis

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Uterine Fibroids: Rapid Evidence Review.

American family physician·2025

Same author

Adherence to opioid prescribing guidelines at an academic family medicine practice.

Journal of opioid management·2025

Same author

Management of Obesity: Office-Based Strategies.

American family physician·2024

Same author

Authors' Response to "In Response to 'Promotion Preparation Tips for Academic Family Medicine Educators'".

Family medicine·2023

Same author

Promotion Preparation Tips for Academic Family Medicine Educators.

Family medicine·2022

Same author

Use of a Brief Negotiation Interview in the emergency department to reduce high-risk alcohol use among older adults: A randomized trial.

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open·2022

Same journal

For Post-stent Patients With Atherosclerotic Coronary Vascular Disease Who Are Taking an Anticoagulant, Adding Aspirin Worsens Outcomes.

American family physician·2026

Same journal

Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy.

American family physician·2026

Same journal

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Diagnosis and Management.

American family physician·2026

Same journal

Aerobic Exercise Is the Better Exercise Modality for Knee Osteoarthritis.

American family physician·2026

Same journal

Overscreening Leads to Overdiagnosis of MASLD.

American family physician·2026

Same journal

Type 2 Diabetes: Outpatient Insulin Management.

American family physician·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2014

Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Michelle K Keating¹, J Cole Phillips¹, Jacline Phillips¹

¹Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

American Family Physician

|October 16, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a nasal and sinus inflammation affecting 1-7% of people. Management focuses on symptom relief, mucus clearance, and inflammation reduction, with surgery for refractory cases.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence

Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence

Published on: September 22, 2023

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Published on: March 3, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2014

Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence

Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence

Published on: September 22, 2023

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Published on: March 3, 2023

Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Immunology
Respiratory Medicine

Background:

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses.
It significantly impacts quality of life, causing fatigue, depression, and cognitive issues.
CRS is characterized by specific symptoms lasting over three months, confirmed by objective findings.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the definition, classification, and management strategies for chronic rhinosinusitis.
To highlight the importance of identifying specific patient subgroups for targeted therapies.
To provide guidance on when to refer patients for specialist evaluation and surgical consideration.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature and clinical guidelines for CRS diagnosis and treatment.
Emphasis on symptom-based diagnosis and objective confirmation via imaging or endoscopy.
Discussion of first-line treatments, management of acute exacerbations, and advanced therapies.

Main Results:

First-line treatments include nasal saline irrigation and intranasal corticosteroids.
The role of oral antibiotics and corticosteroids for exacerbations remains unclear.
Referral to an otolaryngologist is recommended for refractory cases or those with alarm symptoms.

Conclusions:

Effective management of CRS involves symptom reduction, improved mucus clearance, and inflammation control.
Identifying CRS with nasal polyps or comorbidities is crucial for considering biologic therapy.
Timely specialist referral ensures appropriate management, including surgical options for refractory disease.