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Salivary Glands and Saliva

Salivary Glands and Saliva

The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...

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HISTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF FEXOFENADINE ON SALIVARY GLAND IN RATS.

E Mahmood¹, E Sarhat¹, M Tawfeq¹

¹1College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Iraq.

Georgian Medical News

|April 12, 2024

Summary

Fexofenadine, an allergy medication, caused significant salivary gland damage and increased oxidative stress markers in rats. These adverse effects were dose-dependent, indicating potential risks associated with its use.

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Toxicology
Histopathology

Background:

Fexofenadine is a widely used oral non-sedating antihistamine for allergic conditions.
The impact of fexofenadine on salivary gland function and structure is not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the histopathological effects of fexofenadine on the salivary glands of adult male albino rats.
To assess the correlation between fexofenadine administration and oxidative stress markers.

Main Methods:

Adult male albino rats were divided into control and two treatment groups receiving different doses of fexofenadine (5mg/kg/day and 10mg/kg/day).
Serum levels of Thioredoxin reductase (TRX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured.
Salivary glands were examined histologically for degenerative changes.

Main Results:

Rats treated with fexofenadine exhibited significantly higher serum levels of TRX and MDA compared to the control group.
Histological examination revealed degenerative changes in salivary gland acinar serous cells, including pyknotic nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuolation.
Blood congestion in intralobular vessels and inflammation around ducts (WBCs, macrophages) were observed, with a dose-dependent response.

Conclusions:

Fexofenadine hydrochloride administration induces significant dose-dependent histopathological alterations in rat salivary glands.
The observed salivary gland changes are linked to elevated oxidative stress markers, suggesting a potential mechanism of toxicity.