Autoimmune Retinopathy

The autoimmune retinopathies (AIRs) are a group of inflammatory-mediated retinopathies that present with unexplained visual loss (both central and peripheral), visual field defects, usually a ring scotoma, photoreceptor dysfunction as evident on electroretinography (ERG), and circulating autoantibodies against retinal antigens. The fundus may be normal or may show vascular attenuation, retinal atrophy with or without pigmentary changes or waxy pallor of the optic disc, and no or minimal inflammatory cells.