Emerging Trends in Mid-Range Nursing Theories: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Nursing Science
• Theoretical Frameworks
• Clinical Practice

Background:

• Nursing research has evolved significantly, with Middle-Range Nursing Theories (MRNTs) serving as a critical link between abstract concepts and clinical application.
• Despite their importance, recent production of MRNTs appears to be limited, necessitating an investigation into current trends.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify MRNTs published in the last five years.
• To determine the primary thematic areas covered by these theories.
• To analyze contemporary trends in MRNT development.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive scoping review adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
• Searches conducted across major databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Education Research Complete).
• Inclusion of studies published within the last five years in JCR-indexed journals, explicitly proposing an MRNT.

Main Results:

• Out of 1230 initial records, 18 articles met the inclusion criteria, with the *Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem* publishing the most.
• Identified MRNTs focused on clinical phenomena like heart failure self-care, overweight, occupational stress, peripheral tissue perfusion, and social support.
• Most theories were derived from established nursing models, but few underwent rigorous methodological validation.

Conclusions:

• Recent development of MRNTs is limited and geographically concentrated, notably in Brazil.
• There is a critical need to enhance methodological validation, clinical integration, and international dissemination of MRNTs.
• MRNTs remain essential for advancing nursing science, reinforcing professional identity, and closing the theory-practice gap.