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Performance Characterization and Tuning of a Charge-Splitting High Dynamic Range 4-Tap CMOS Image Sensor.

Yu Feng1, Keiichiro Kagawa2, Kamel Mars2,3

  • 1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan.

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|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Charge-splitting imaging in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors (CIS) enhances high dynamic range (HDR) imaging. This study achieved a 126 dB dynamic range, improving performance for challenging applications.

Keywords:
charge-splittingcomplementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor (CIS)high dynamic range (HDR)motion artifact and light emitting diode (LED) flicker mitigationmulti-tap pixel

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Area of Science:

  • Image Sensors
  • Computational Imaging
  • Semiconductor Devices

Background:

  • High dynamic range (HDR) imaging is crucial for automotive and surveillance, facing challenges from motion artifacts and LED flicker.
  • Charge-splitting HDR imaging with multi-tap CMOS image sensors (CIS) offers a solution by mitigating these issues and enabling programmable dynamic range extension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model for charge-splitting pixel performance.
  • To experimentally characterize and optimize a 4-tap CIS for enhanced HDR imaging capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a performance model for charge-splitting pixels.
  • Experimental characterization and tuning of a 4-tap CIS.
  • Evaluation of dynamic range (DR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance.

Main Results:

  • A single-exposure dynamic range (DR) of 126 dB was achieved for the 4-tap CIS.
  • This represents a 16 dB improvement over previous benchmarks (110 dB).
  • A high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was maintained, with a minimum transition SNR above 30 dB.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model accurately describes charge-splitting pixel performance.
  • Optimized 4-tap CIS technology significantly enhances single-exposure HDR imaging.
  • This advancement holds great potential for demanding applications like automotive and surveillance cameras.