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RADIATION-INDUCED DESTABILIZATION OF THE BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES' GENOME IN CANCER PATIENTS DEPENDING ON THEIR INDIVIDUAL

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  • 1R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Vasylkivska St., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine.

Problemy Radiatsiinoi Medytsyny Ta Radiobiolohii
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PubMed
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Cancer patients exhibit elevated chromosome aberrations before radiation therapy. Individual radiosensitivity influences aberration yield at low doses, crucial for personalized cancer treatment planning and minimizing secondary tumor risks.

Keywords:
cancer patientschromosomal aberrationsindividual radiosensitivityionizing radiationradiation therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Cytogenetics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Cancer patients often present with elevated spontaneous chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes.
  • These aberrations pre-date radiation therapy and exceed levels found in healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate chromosome aberration patterns in cancer patients with diverse tumor types and locations.
  • To assess the influence of individual radiosensitivity on aberration formation.
  • To establish patterns for personalized radiation therapy planning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures from cancer patients and healthy donors.
  • Performed metaphase analysis of chromosome aberrations in the first mitosis.
  • Determined individual radiosensitivity via lymphocyte test irradiation in the G2 phase.
  • Employed spline regression for quantitative assessment and dose-response curve construction.

Main Results:

  • Cancer patients showed significantly higher spontaneous chromosome aberrations compared to controls.
  • Individual radiosensitivity, assessed by G2 testing, impacted aberration yield at low radiation doses (0.1-0.5 Gy).
  • The dose-effect curve's plateau region shifted based on individual radiosensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Individual radiosensitivity can be determined before radiation therapy.
  • This assessment aids in identifying patients at high risk for secondary radiation-induced tumors.
  • Informed personalized planning of therapeutic radiation schemes is possible.