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Condylar Bone Quality in Growing Children Is Associated With Genetic Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Calcium and
Erika Calvano Küchler1, Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis2, Gabriela Fonseca-Souza3
1Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, uni-bonn.de.
Biomed Research International
|January 9, 2026
Summary
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), SEC23 homolog A (SEC23A), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) genes are linked to mandibular condylar bone structure in children. These genetic variations influence bone complexity and microarchitecture during growth.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Orthodontics
- Pediatric Bone Health
Background:
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin levels, impacting bone health.
- Fractal analysis of panoramic radiographs shows potential for assessing mandibular trabecular bone morphometrics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between SNPs in genes regulating vitamin D, calcitonin, and PTH and mandibular condylar bone quality in children.
- To evaluate the complexity and microarchitecture of mandibular condylar bone using fractal dimension analysis.
Main Methods:
- Fractal dimension was calculated from the condyle region of interest (ROI) in panoramic radiographs using the box-counting algorithm.
- Automated ImageJ scripting ensured consistent data analysis.
- Genotyping was performed on DNA extracted from saliva for SNPs in VDR, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, VDBP, SEC23A, CALCR, and PTH genes.
- Statistical analysis compared fractal dimensions among genotypes in 100 children (ages 5-14).
Main Results:
- Lower fractal dimensions were observed in VDBP (rs4588) GT and TT genotypes.
- The SEC23A (rs8018720) GG genotype and PTH (rs694) TC genotype showed increased fractal dimensions, indicating altered bone complexity.
Conclusions:
- SNPs in VDBP, SEC23A, and PTH genes are associated with the trabecular bone structure of the mandibular condyle in children.
- These findings highlight the genetic influence on craniofacial bone development and microarchitecture.
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